Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell reproduction
Cell genes control protein synthesis. The proteins that a cell produce determine the cell function. Proteins act as catalytic enzymes and physical components of cell structure. Nucleotides are organised to form two strands of DNA that are loosely bound to each other. Double stranded helical DNA that are composed of 3 basic building blocks: (1) phosphoric acid, (2) deoxyribose (sugar), and (3) Four nitrogenous basis (two purines, adenine, and guanine, and two pyrimidines, thymine, and cytosine) The genetic code consist of triplets of basis. Each group of three successive basis is called a code word, and these code word control the sequence of amino acids in protein. The sequence of successive code words is called the genetic code. DNA CODE IS TRANSFERRED TO RNA CODE BY THE PROCESS OF TRANSCRIPTION DNA controls cell function in the cytoplasm through RNA. The process where the DNA code is transferred to RNA is called transcription. The RNA diffuses from the nucl...